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After a moderate March
 now a cold April?
Add.3 to Offshore Wind-parks and mild Winters. Contribution from Ships, Fishery, Windparks etc.
Online – HERE   http://climate-ocean.com/2015/K.html  ; Home: http://climate-ocean.com/ 
Posted: 04. April 2015

An Up-Date in May/June/July & 07 August 2015
below - starting with Figure 26

 The next assessment titled „"Above average warm and sunny with stormy finale" followed in late March (only in German: PDF HIER ). According DWD average temperature had been,  5,2 degree Celsius und 1,7° warmer than the reference period 1961-1990 (and versus 1981-2010, plus 0,9°C).

The British MetOff’s  March-Report (issued  31.03. 2015 – HERE )- says: “March continues sunny theme for UK“ continuing:  “Following the sunniest winter in records dating back to 1929, March has continued the trend with above average sunshine hours according to early Met Office statistics…. When it comes to temperatures – the month has been spot-on average up to the 29th, with a mean temperature of 5.5C. Looking closer at individual countries, England, Wales and Northern Ireland were all slightly colder than average (by no more than a few tenths of a degree), while Scotland again bucked the trend with slightly above average temperatures (by 0.3C). Overall the month has been fairly average so far, with no records broken. The final figures are likely to change slightly once the final two days of the month are added.”  

Fig. 11; German Bight ; Water-T°C - Profile, 3 month	Fig. 12; Arkona Basin; Water T°C -Profile  - Year-	Fig.13; Arkona Basin; Water- T°C -Profile - 3 momth	Fig.14; Arkona Basin; Salinity- 3 momth - 2015	Fig 15; Average sea ice, 1.Apr	Fig. 16_ Sea ice, 1 Apr.2015

Fig. 21.  Temp-forecast  April 2015	Fig.22, Global forecast April 2015	Fig.23, Europe  T°C  forecast April 2015	ADD_ Fig. 24,  Nort Atlantic wind pattern,  13. April 2015	ADD_Fig.25;  MetOff  forecast, 13. April 2015

An Up-Date in mid-May 2015 & End-May (Fig. 38f)
posted 15 May 2015

Sea ice was low in the Northern Hemisphere. A minimum was reached in the Arctic already on 25^th February 2015 (HERE & HERE), remained throughout the season far below average. “This year marks a historically poor ice-winter, reports Swedish Radio” (13. March 2015 - HERE):
left: Fig. 26
___Ice covered at most, approximately 45,000 square kilometers of the Gulf of Bothnia, almost ten times less than the winter of 1986-87.
___The reason for this record-low is the fact that temperatures in all areas of the Baltic Sea have been above, or far above what is considered to be normal.
__“There will not be any net-growth of ocean-ice in any area during the current season”, says Amund E B Lindberg, oceanographer and ocean-ice expert at SMHI’s ice-department.

UK - Sunny and dry - April 2015
By:MetOffice 30. April 2015 – Extract -  Full Text - HERE

The early April figures (1st – 28th April) show it was a sunny and warm month over all, with well above average sunshine almost everywhere. At the moment it ranks as the fifth sunniest April across the UK as a whole. Some locations, particularly in the East of the country, have so far seen almost 50% more sunshine than average.  East Scotland has had its sunniest April on record,

Germany – Warm and very Dry - April 2015
(By Deutscher Wetterdienst, 29. April 2015); Only Extract (Full text – HERE)

__Warm and very dry, with lots of sun instead of April weather (The generally high air pressure brought warm, very dry and unusually sunny weather.)
__Often still cold at night, but already relatively warm during the day.
__Fourth sunniest April since measurements first began in 1951.

Fig. 34 - SST  Anomaly  16 March 2015	Fig. 35 - SST  Anomaly  15 April  2015	Fig. 36 - SST  Anomaly  13 May 2015

SUMMARY per mid-May 2015 (fig. 30 - 37):
While April 2015 stayed in line with a mild winter in West-Europe, the May appears to turn to
lower than average temperatures, even though sea surface temperature in North Sea and Baltic stay at level close, or even above, the average.
It remains to be noted that an El Nino event commenced in April 2015.Summary per End of May 2015.
Summary per end of May 2015 (Fig. 38-42): May too cold and wet

http://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2015/05/29/a-cold-and-wet-may/	http://notrickszone.com/2015/05/31/cooling-german- springs-arriving-20-days-later-than-25-years-ago/	http://notrickszone.com/2015/05/30/germanys-may-2015-comes-in-0-5c- cooler-than-normal-trend-to-cooler-central-european-springs-continues/
Figure 40	Figure 41	Figure 42

Cold continue in June + July + August
posted 16. June 2015 & 07 July 2015

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14. February 2014
North Atlantic sea ice in summer 1917; contributing to the biggest climatic 
shift last century? And what caused this extraordinary event?

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